The animeros are one of the most fascinating spiritual and religious manifestations in Colombia. Mostly substisting in the Antioquia department and around the Magdalena River region, the animeros are the heritage of Colombia’s deep Catholic heritage and popular religiosity. Originating in colonial times, this tradition has remained alive as a way to connect the living with the dead, as the animeros are known as the guardians of the souls and spirits.
Who are the animeros in Colombia?
The animeros are people — usually older men — who organize themselves into groups to pray for the souls in purgatory, known as “animas” (soul in English). Their spiritual task involves walking through rural roads, cemeteries, and villages at night, especially on specific dates in the liturgical calendar, such as November, which is dedicated to the faithful departed.
Dressed in dark or white clothing and hats, carrying candles or lanterns, the animeros walk in silence or chant funeral hymns known as “alabados,” while ringing bells, holding crosses, or using rudimentary instruments. Their purpose is not to cause fear, but to intercede for the souls that have not yet reached eternal rest. It is believed that these prayers help the souls leave purgatory and find heavenly peace.
Origin of the tradition
The tradition of the animeros has its roots in the Catholic devotion brought by the Spanish during colonization, which gradually blended with indigenous and African beliefs present in Colombian territory. The concept of purgatory — as an intermediate state where souls are purified before reaching heaven — was strongly embraced in rural areas, where communities maintained a closer connection to the spiritual realm.
This fusion of doctrines gave rise to practices such as night walks to pray for the souls, promises made to the “animas” in exchange for favors, and the construction of small chapels or altars in honor of the dead. Over time, the animeros became the guardians of this tradition.
When do the animeros go out?
Although similar activities may take place at other times of the year, the animeros mainly go out during November, especially on Nov. 1 and 2, which correspond to All Saints’ Day and All Souls’ Day, respectively. These dates are very significant in the Catholic calendar and have been embraced by communities as a special time to remember departed loved ones.
In some areas, the animeros also go out during Holy Week, particularly on the night of Holy Thursday, as a way to spiritually accompany the suffering souls.
Places where the tradition is most alive
This tradition finds its strongest expression in the paisa region of Colombia and the department of Antiqouia, where community activities are even organized to accompany the animeros, prepare traditional foods, and share stories related to the souls.
In towns such as Copacabana (north of Medellin), Puerto Berrio, or Marinilla, the presence of the animeros is deeply rooted and is considered a fundamental part of the intangible cultural heritage. In fact, in some cases, the animeros are regarded as sacred figures within the community, and their work is highly respected.
The tradition is also present in other parts of Colombia, such as the heritage town of Mompox, on the banks of the Magdalena River.
Legends and beliefs
Many legends have emerged around the animeros. One of the most common says that when you hear the sound of the animero’s bell at night, you must remain silent and say a prayer for the souls, as it is believed that otherwise the “animas” may manifest themselves or cause disturbances in the home. It is also said that the animeros are protected by the very souls they pray for, which allows them to walk fearlessly in the dark.
In more mythical versions, there are stories of animeros who have received messages from beyond, visions, or signs of gratitude from the souls they helped free through their prayers.