A recent expedition in Peru’s Amazon rainforest led to the discovery of 27 new species, including an amphibious mouse capable of living on both land and water. This discovery, announced by Conservation International, underscores the remarkable biodiversity of the Alto Mayo region, a protected area teeming with ecosystems, indigenous communities, and wildlife.
The amphibious mouse, distinguished by its partially webbed feet and diet of aquatic insects, was among the species found during an expedition in 2022. Despite the impact of human activity in the area, Alto Mayo continues to reveal astonishing biological treasures.
A rich array of new species discovered in Peru’s Amazon
In addition to the amphibious mouse, researchers identified a dwarf squirrel, eight fish species, three types of frogs, and ten new butterfly species. The dwarf squirrel, measuring only 5.5 inches, stood out for its vibrant chestnut-brown coat and quick, agile movements. “It fits so easily in the palm of your hand,” said Trond Larsen, leader of Conservation International’s Rapid Assessment Program. “It jumps quickly and hides in the trees.”
Another notable find was the blob-headed armored catfish, highlighting the variety and uniqueness of the region’s aquatic life. These discoveries reflect Alto Mayo’s status as a hub of unexplored biodiversity.
Collaboration with indigenous communities
The 38-day expedition, conducted from June to July 2022, involved 13 scientists working alongside local technicians and members of the Awajun indigenous group. Advanced technologies such as camera traps, bioacoustic sensors, and DNA sampling enabled the team to document the region’s flora and fauna comprehensively.
During the study, researchers cataloged 2,046 species, including 49 classified as threatened, such as the yellow-tailed woolly monkey and the tree monkey. The expertise of the Awajun people proved invaluable. “Their traditional knowledge about the forest and its species was critical to our success,” Larsen said.
While the findings are remarkable, they come with a stark reminder of the urgency of conservation efforts. Alto Mayo faces significant threats from habitat loss and human activities. Larsen stressed the importance of immediate action, stating, “Unless steps are taken now to safeguard these sites and help restore parts of the landscape, there’s a strong chance they won’t persist in the long term.”