IDEAM issued a special alert over the increasing risk of wildfires in different regions of Colombia as a result of the intense heat wave affecting the country during May 2026. According to the official report, several cities and municipalities have recorded temperatures close to or even above their historical maximums, a situation that has increased the conditions favorable for the spread of vegetation fires.
Meteorological authorities warned that the high temperatures, combined with low humidity, intense solar radiation, and a rainfall deficit, have created critical conditions, especially in the Caribbean region, the Orinoquia, and the Andean zone. Several municipalities are already under red and orange alerts due to the possibility of environmental emergencies.
Among the most affected cities is Valledupar, where temperatures reached 38 degrees Celsius, nearly four degrees above the historical average. High temperatures were also reported in Riohacha, Santa Marta, and San Andres, while Barrancabermeja recorded one of the country’s highest thermal anomalies, with 36.4 degrees Celsius, or 4.4 degrees above normal.
The heat wave has not only affected traditionally warm regions. Cities such as Medellin and Bogota also registered temperatures above their usual averages, while areas in the Amazon and Orinoquia regions reported significant thermal increases during the first week of May.
High temperatures increase wildfire risk in Colombia
IDEAM explained that the current weather conditions favor the rapid spread of wildfires, especially in rural zones and areas with dry vegetation. The combination of extreme heat and lack of rainfall increases the vulnerability of forests, crops, and strategic ecosystems.
Departments in the Colombian Caribbean region, along with sectors of Antioquia, Tolima, Huila, Cauca, Valle del Cauca, and La Guajira, are currently experiencing rainfall levels below the seasonal average. This situation has raised concern among environmental authorities and emergency response agencies.
In addition to the ecological impact, wildfires represent a threat to nearby communities, air quality, and water sources. The high temperatures also increase the risk of health problems, including dehydration, heatstroke, and respiratory complications.
In coastal cities such as Barranquilla and Cartagena, the heat index has been even higher due to elevated humidity levels, intensifying the sensation of extreme heat among residents.
Authorities issue recommendations amid the heat wave
Given the situation, IDEAM urged citizens to avoid activities that could trigger fires. Among the main recommendations are avoiding agricultural burning and trash burning, refraining from lighting campfires in rural areas, and reporting any emergency to local fire departments.
Authorities also advised reducing sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., staying constantly hydrated, and especially protecting children, older adults, and people with respiratory illnesses.
According to meteorological forecasts, the high temperatures could continue until May 17, although a gradual decrease is expected after May 12 and 13 due to the weakening of the anticyclonic system currently affecting the Caribbean region.