Sugarcane has played a crucial role in the economies of many regions in Colombia, owing to its versatility and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. Originating in Southeast Asia, this crop has conquered fertile lands in tropical and subtropical climates, becoming an essential plant for the production of a wide range of products that go beyond the traditional sweetener.
Sugar is the flagship product derived from sugarcane and is known as the “golden nectar.” It comes in various types and qualities, from refined white sugar to more natural and less processed varieties. This sweetener has been an essential component in cooking and baking worldwide, providing sweetness and texture to an endless variety of foods.
Let’s explore some of the standout products derived from sugarcane.
Common sugarcane derivated products in Colombia
Panela
Panela, a solid product obtained by evaporating unrefined sugarcane juice, has become a popular choice in many cultures. This unprocessed sweetener preserves the natural nutrients of the cane, offering a distinctive flavor that is cherished in traditional beverages and desserts. In Colombia, “aguapanela” is a popular drink enjoyed throughout the day, especially during lunchtime.
Molasses
Molasses, a dark and viscous liquid left after sugar crystallization, is a versatile byproduct. Used in the food industry, molasses adds depth and complexity of flavor to a variety of dishes, from sauces to marinades.
Cane Syrup
Cane syrup, produced from the cooking of molasses, is a thick and dark syrup used as a sweetener in the food industry. Its robust flavor and dense consistency make it a prized ingredient in the creation of desserts and sweets.
Aguardiente
Aguardiente is a spirit derived from sugarcane, typically produced in Latin American countries. It is made by fermenting and distilling either sugarcane juice or molasses, with variations in production methods across regions. In Colombia, the most well-known version is flavored with anise and has an alcohol content between 24% and 29%.
Rum
Rum is also a sugarcane-based spirit, produced worldwide through the fermentation and distillation of either molasses or sugarcane juice. The production process involves harvesting and crushing sugarcane, followed by fermentation to create a “cane wine” with 8-10% alcohol content, which is then distilled. Rum’s alcohol content typically ranges from 37.5% to 40%, depending on regional regulations.
Ethanol
Ethanol, an alcohol obtained through the fermentation of sugarcane juice, is not only used in the food industry but also as a source of renewable energy. Its properties as a biofuel have led to its application in the production of eco-friendly fuels.
Versatile byproducts: yeast and citric acid
During the production of sugarcane-derived products, valuable byproducts are generated. Yeast, derived from fermentation, has applications in baking and the production of alcoholic beverages. Citric acid, a byproduct of sugar processing, is used in the food industry as a preservative and pH regulator.
Sugarcane in cleaning products
The versatility of sugarcane extends beyond the kitchen and the food industry. It is also used in the production of cleaning products, such as soaps and detergents, harnessing its natural properties to provide effective and environmentally friendly cleaning solutions.